=========
Py-Enigma
=========
A historically accurate Enigma Machine library written in Python 3
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:Author: Brian Neal <bgneal@gmail.com>
:Version: Alpha
:Date: May 30, 2012
:Home Page: https://bitbucket.org/bgneal/enigma/
:License: MIT License (see LICENSE.txt)
:Support: https://bitbucket.org/bgneal/enigma/issues


Overview
--------

**Py-Enigma** is a Python 3 library for simulating the `Enigma machines`_ used
by the German armed forces (Wehrmacht) during World War 2. Py-Enigma makes it
possible to both encrypt and decrypt messages that can be sent to, or received
from, actual Enigma machines used by the German army (Heer), air force
(Luftwaffe), and navy (Kriegsmarine).

It is my hope that library will be useful to Enigma enthusiasts, historians, and
students interested in cryptography.

Py-Enigma strives to be Pythonic, easy to use, comes with unit tests, and
(coming soon) documentation.


Scope
-----

The current scope of Py-Enigma is to simulate Wehrmacht Enigma machines.
Simulation of other Enigmas, such as the various commercial, railroad, foreign,
and Abwher (Military Intelligence) models may come later if there is enough
interest and data available.

Currently, Py-Enigma can simulate the 3 and 4 rotor Enigma machines used by the
German army, navy, and air force.


Quick Example
-------------

This example shows how the library can be used to decode a message using the
procedure employed by the German army::
   
   from enigma.machine import EnigmaMachine

   # setup machine according to specs from a daily key sheet:

   machine = EnigmaMachine.from_key_sheet(
          rotors='II IV V',
          reflector='B',
          ring_settings=[1, 20, 11],
          plugboard_settings='AV BS CG DL FU HZ IN KM OW RX')

   # set machine initial starting position
   machine.set_display('WXC')

   # decrypt the message key
   msg_key = machine.process_text('KCH')

   # decrypt the cipher text with the unencrypted message key
   machine.set_display(msg_key)

   ciphertext = 'NIBLFMYMLLUFWCASCSSNVHAZ'
   plaintext = machine.process_text(ciphertext)

   print(plaintext)

This program prints::

   THEXRUSSIANSXAREXCOMINGX

Py-Enigma also includes a command-line application for processing messages.
Assuming you have a proper key file that contains the same initial settings as
the code above, the above example can be performed on the command-line::

   $ pyenigma.py --key-file=keys.txt --start=WXC --text='KCH'
   BLA
   $ pyenigma.py --key-file=keys.txt --start=BLA --text='NIBLFMYMLLUFWCASCSSNVHAZ'
   THEXRUSSIANSXAREXCOMINGX

The format of the key file can be found in the documentation.


Requirements
------------

Py-Enigma is written in Python_, specifically Python 3.2. It has no other
requirements or dependencies.


Project Status
--------------

This project is very new and is considered alpha software. However at even this
stage it is possible to encrypt and decrypt authentic Enigma messages.


Installation
------------

After the project gets a bit more mature I will add Py-Enigma to the `Python
Package Index`_ (PyPI). In the meantime, you may download a tarball or .zip file
of the latest code using the "get source" link on the `Py-Enigma Bitbucket
page`_. Alternatively if you use Mercurial_, you can clone the repository with
the following command::

   $ hg clone https://bitbucket.org/bgneal/enigma

Once you have obtained a copy of the source somehow, to install::

   $ python setup.py install


Documentation
-------------

I want to use Py-Enigma as a chance to learn Sphinx_, so you can expect to see
some nicely formatted documentation coming soon. In the meantime, please read
the source code. I commented it heavily so I could understand how the Enigma
machine works.


Support
-------

Support is provided at the `issue tracker`_ at the `Py-Enigma Bitbucket page`_.
If you have general questions or comments, please feel free to email me (address
at the top of this file). 

And please, if you use Py-Enigma for anything, even if it is just learning,
please let me know!


Acknowledgements & References
-----------------------------

This software would not have been possible without the thorough and detailed
descriptions of the Enigma machine on Dirk Rijmenants' incredible `Cipher
Machines and Cryptology website`_. In particular, his `Technical Details of the
Enigma Machine`_ page was a gold mine of information.

Dirk has also written an `Enigma simulator`_ in Visual Basic. Although I did not
look at his source code, I did use his simulator to check the operation of
Py-Enigma.

I would also like to recommend the photos and video at Dr. Thomas B. Perera's
`Enigma Museum`_.

Another good website is `The Enigma and the Bombe`_ by Graham Ellsbury.

A nice video which shows the basic components and operation of the Enigma
Machine is on YouTube: `Nadia Baker & Enigma demo`_.


.. _Enigma machines: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigma_machine
.. _Python: http://www.python.org
.. _Python Package Index: http://pypi.python.org/pypi
.. _Py-Enigma Bitbucket page: https://bitbucket.org/bgneal/enigma
.. _Mercurial: http://mercurial.selenic.com/
.. _Sphinx: http://sphinx.pocoo.org/
.. _issue tracker: https://bitbucket.org/bgneal/enigma/issues
.. _Cipher Machines and Cryptology website: http://users.telenet.be/d.rijmenants/index.htm
.. _Technical Details of the Enigma Machine: http://users.telenet.be/d.rijmenants/en/enigmatech.htm
.. _Enigma simulator: http://users.telenet.be/d.rijmenants/en/enigmasim.htm
.. _Enigma Museum: http://w1tp.com/enigma/
.. _The Enigma and the Bombe: http://www.ellsbury.com/enigmabombe.htm
.. _Nadia Baker & Enigma demo: http://youtu.be/HBHYAzuVeWc